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Description
Rethinking Biology: Public UnderstandingsBiologists always need to grapple with integrating two explanatory approaches. On the one hand, there is necessarily an effort to drill down to the lowest possible level to explain what is happening in whatever is being studied. That involves looking at how higher level processes arise from lower level ones. On the other hand, there is a need to consider how the broader context influences bottom up processes; that involves looking at how the whole
Biologists always need to grapple with integrating two explanatory approaches. On the one hand, there is necessarily an effort to drill down to the lowest possible level to explain what is happening in whatever is being studied. That involves looking at how higher-level processes arise from lower level ones. On the other hand, there is a need to consider how the broader context influences bottom-up processes; that involves looking at how the whole influences the parts. Neither approach is satisfactory on its own. There is always a need to integrate the consideration of how parts influence wholes with how wholes influence parts.
This book arises from a concern that in the public dissemination of biology the need to integrate these different perspectives is not coming across well. In popularisations, simplistic micro explanations always seem to arouse most interest and to capture the headlines. That risks distorting and simplifying the complexity of biological processes, and can mislead people. In this book we are urging a concerted attempt to come to grips with the interactive complexity of biology, and to find ways of conveying it to the public accessibly and effectively.
We are particularly concerned with how biology is communicated to the public. Too often, what comes over to the public is a crude, out-of-date, simplistic, mono-causal, reductionist biology. Why so? Why is biology so misrepresented? Who is responsible? It is partly the media, of course, but we suggest that biologists themselves are often partly responsible. When it comes to communication with the public, they tend to over-simplify in a way that distorts.
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4.5 ★★★★★
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★★★★★ 5
I can't believe how much better I feel!
I had been eating (very) low-carb and high-protein for the better part of a decade - and I had gotten a lot of practice arrogantly dismissing suggestions (from any source) that I should change anything about my diet.
It is a testimony to the insightfulness of this book that it persuaded me to change.
How was I persuaded?
* The Jaminets are highly educated (Ph.D.s both), but not they're not nutritionists and are not bound by any party line.
* They amass a huge volume of scientific literature in support of their assertions - about 1/3 of every page is journal citations.
* They write clearly, and are clearly motivated by a desire to share the keys they've discovered for better health.
* Time after time, while reading, I exclaimed "so *that's* why!" - there's an overarching framework they build, and after reading it I have a much broader and deeper understanding of health and nutrition.
The changes I made were:
1. Eat a modest amount (15-20%) of calories as carbs from what they call "safe starches" (rice & potatoes in my case.)
2. Eat a large (~70%) of calories from fat. In particular, I consume dramatically more butter (kerrygold!), and I've added a fair bit of coconut oil too.
3. (As a result, the amount of protein I eat has dropped somewhat.)
4. Supplementing with a mix of the vitamins they recommend.
5. Doing a 24-hour fast once a week.
Results: (after 1.5 months or so.)
1. I'm no longer "brain-dead" and unable to think in the evenings after work.
2. I no longer have fruit or chocolate cravings.
3. I'm much happier, and wake up looking forward to the day.
4. I've been much more social.
5. The extra starch has not resulted in weight gain. (I always gained weight when eating carbs before.)
6. It looks like the fasting (which I've never tried before) is helping my alertness and also contributing to healthy weight loss.
It took less than a week for me to notice dramatic changes. The diet guidelines are straightforward and fit on a page, but the explanatory material is priceless. The Jaminets post on an ongoing basis at their perfecthealthdiet dot com blog as well.
I can't recommend this book highly enough.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 2, 2011
★★★★★ 4
Best diet/health book I have ever read
Format: Kindle
For scientifically-minded laypeople, this is an excellent read. I altered my diet because of this book. Using a bit of intuition, it seems much more logical that nature attempts to achieve balance with respect to macro nutrients and vitamins/minerals. I loved Mr. Jaminet's explanation of the relationship of vitamin A,D, and K. I do have about a thousand questions for the author (Paul Jaminet), such as his lower protein recommendations (this differs greatly from a typical gym rat's recommendation of 1 gram of protein per pound of body mass). The book recommends more protein for the athlete, but not at the levels recommended elsewhere (high protein diets). I think Mr. Jaminet and others that are recommending a smaller ratio of protein to fat/carbs are ahead of the game. I find my diet in desperate need of more insoluble fiber, although this book does not treat fiber as being extremely important and advises against too much fiber. I use PGX daily fiber once per day and it had made a big difference for me. All in all, there are 3 big aspects that I would like Mr. Jaminet to weigh in on in future books or other publications. First, please expand more on repairing the health of your gut and the good bacteria that live there. What is the absolute quickest way to optimize gut flora and, subsequently, keep inflammation at a minimum? I understand Mr. Jaminet's stance on legumes, but it seems very contradictory to common sense. From the surface, not eating any legumes would raise my BS flag. Overall, if the answer is "don't eat legumes because you can get all the benefits from other foods and, therefore, better safe than sorry", then this should be considered a dubious argument (I am not saying that this is the argument in the book). To be fair, the book has much more detailed reasons to steer clear of legumes, but I am still a little on the fence about it. Lastly, PHD refers to the Shangri-la diet and using MCT or Coconut oil to suppress appetite, but I would LOVE a detailed scientific explanation of what the body's "setpoint" really is. From my clinical trials (on myself!), this is a huge factor. My body seems to want to be at a set weight and even body fat percentage and it takes quite a bit of effort to lower or raise that setpoint. This applies to the PHD because assertions are made with respect to the body's need for a certain quantity of protein and carbs. How does the setpoint interact with those processes?
PROS:
* Clearly, Mr. Jaminet or his editors took a technical writing course. This book is written using the active voice and uses a conversational tone. Extremely easy to read! It is simple, direct, clear, and concise.
CONS:
* This book cites clinical studies as evidence to buttress certain assertions. This is not a problem if you factor in what the study was trying to measure and external variables that would greatly affect the conclusions. Here is an example of clinical studies that are almost worthless (at least from drawing a single conclusion): Patient group A ate such and such and patient group B ate such and such over a 20 year period. The death rate was 11% higher in patient group A, therefore eating what they ate "may" have been the cause of the higher death rate. Drawing conclusions from such a study is really difficult, I think. I am no scientist, but even I can see that these sorts of studies should be used as a starting point for more investigation and not as the final word on a subject.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 7, 2013
★★★★★ 5
Paleo Perfected - With the Science to Back It Up!
Format: Hardcover
After experimenting with other versions of the paleolithic-based diet, I was happy to finally come upon Paul and Shou-Ching's book, The Perfect Health Diet. It's a scholarly treatment of a complex subject, but presented in a way that's easy to follow and understand. It combines the best parts of old-time wisdom with cutting edge science to lay out a lifestyle and an approach to health that treats the body holistically.
The authors systematically lay out the scientific and evolutionary basis for their approach to health. The fact that they both suffered from serious medical conditions - which were cured by taking this new approach - lends a great deal of sincerity to the writing. In a logical, orderly fashion the book walks through the basis for the diet, then tackles each of the major energy sources (proteins, carbohydrates and fats). Once that groundwork is laid, they address the hidden toxins that are present in most of the foods that comprise the Standard American Diet (SAD - a rather appropriate acronym) and help the reader understand HOW the foods contribute to poor health.
Throughout the book, the authors use simple but effective "call out" boxes to highlight some key science behind the diet. They also sprinkle in just the right amount of reader testimonials to highlight how their lives were changed by following the Perfect Health Diet. Those examples are placed in just the right spots so the reader can see how the concept being discussed relates to real people in the real world. The inclusion of a Takeaway at the end of each chapter helps tie all the concepts together perfectly.
My only complaint is that they use the word "diet" in the title. While they use it in the academic sense (i.e., the foods that you habitually eat to provide sustenance), too many people only think of "diet" as a restriction in your food intake to promote weight loss. I prefer to think of the authors' book as a "lifestyle", rather than simply a prescription for changing your food intake. That view is reinforced by the holistic treatment of the impacts of circadian rhythm disruption on health - a fascinating chapter that probably could have as much impact on your overall health as your choice of food! I think it's very telling that only a short chapter is actually devoted to the discussion of weight loss -- because it is based upon all of the other principles that have already been outlined. The discussion in the weight loss chapter on the scientific origins of obesity is fascinating and sobering at the same time.
Overall, the Jaminets have done a fabulous job of scouring the scientific literature and tying together some popular concepts (the whole Paleo movement continues to gain steam in mainstream society) with a solid scientific underpinning that will go a LONG way toward helping people understand not just WHAT to eat (or not eat) but also WHY.
I highly recommend this book to anyone who wants to understand how their body functions and how the food you eat impacts your health and longevity. It is well-written, thorough and very convincing!
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Reviewed in the United States on January 8, 2013
★★★★★ 5
Really enjoyed this book and found it helpful
Format: Kindle
The first night after starting this diet I found myself eating a juicy half pound hamburger without the bread, a sweet potato with butter, a small salad with fresh lemons squeezed on top and some sparkling water. Life could be a lot worse!!!! This book was written by 2 Harvard educated scientists. It is thoroughly researched and made a ton of sense to me. I've dieted a lot in my life. I always lost weight and always gained it back. That's a pretty frustrating way to live. The weight gain and loss roller coaster is awful. Over the last 20 years I've tried Atkins, Paleo Diet, Zone Diet, Weight Watchers, Nutrisystem, South Beach Diet, Mediterranean Diet, Blood type Diet etc etc etc....They all work and they all have flaws which ultimately caused me to stray from them for one reason or another. As an example Nutrisystem is convenient but I don't want to eat that food forever. Atkins and Paleo cut out major food groups PERMANENTLY! They are way too extreme for me. Zone Diet was too much work. Weight watchers with the points was too time consuming. South Beach Diet was a nice fad but I got tired of that also. Anyway, without dragging on too much longer I want to say that the best part of the Perfect Health Diet is its SIMPLICITY! This way of eating doesn't require much thought, planning, or effort. The authors give you a list of foods to eat without asking you to eliminate carbs, fatty foods, meat or dairy. I was taught what carbs to eat and avoid and in what portions. I learned what fatty foods to eat and how often to eat them. I learned about about protein and was taught the right amounts of protein to eat. Most importantly i never feel hungry on the Perfect Health Diet!
This diet WILL reduce your food cravings. You are fed well. You eat a lot of fatty foods and still lose weight. You can have dairy in the form of yogurt. You can have starches. You eat fruits and veggies along with lots of eggs, meat, and some fish. Basically you feel healthy because your body gets everything it NEEDS to make you feel GOOD! This diet is the only one I've tried that eliminates food cravings and hunger. I'd give this book 10 stars if I could
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Reviewed in the United States on June 8, 2015
★★★★★ 5
The Best, Readable Single-Source Book On Diet and Health
Format: Hardcover
As other reviewers have said, this is really the best "Paleo 2.0 book" available. For those who haven't yet jumped on the bandwagon, eating like our ancient Paleolithic (and Mesolithic) ancestors will help us avoid many of our chronic diseases and feel good doing it!
And yet, the Jaminets also take the approach that a straight meat and veggies diet is simply too low in carbs for a properly functioning immune system and proper thyroid level (carbs are required for basic immune functions like phagocytic attack and mucus secretion, as well as neurological and immune energy which feeds back to thyroid output). They like carb sources found in the paleolithic and mesolithic cultures such as tubers, fruit, dairy (for some) and low-in-antinutrient white rice.
Now, to the practical: on this diet my family and I have seen an increased level of energy and overall spunk (skin shine, sleep quality, etc.) compared to when we were on, in sequence, a paleo Zone type of diet (Barry Sears' Zone diet using paleo foodstuffs), and a lower carb Mark Sisson-style primal diet. Basically, this has more saturated fat than the former and more carbs than the latter. We are as lean as we were, but feeling better and without any problems, whatsoever.
For those who have chronic infections (read: "lingering health issues"), this book also explains how you can fine-tune your diet and supplementation to fight these infections, whether they are viral, fungal, or bacterial (a different approach for each). The same for athletes.
My only criticism is that they only give 1 sentence to the classes of diseases which fare better avoiding starch and, instead, getting their carbs from fruit and honey (such as Ankylosing Spondylitis, Psoriatic Spondylitis, and other within the class; as well as some other diseases). While this diet/lifestyle is very easy to combine with a GAPS approach, with carbs from simply sugars and not starch, this goes unsaid and the authors tend to prefer starches for most.
In short, this is the best book out there for a well-researched, unbiased view on diet and how it impacts our lives and health.
I actually recommend for those who really care to read their blog, and then go buy the book for the relatives who probably won't read the blog on their own.
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Reviewed in the United States on January 17, 2013